What is INFORMATION?
Information is everywhere in an organization
Information is stored in database
- Database - maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)
- Hierarchical database model - information is organized into a tree-like structure (using parent/child relationships) in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships
- Network database model - a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships
- Relational database model - stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables
- Entity - a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
- Attributes (fields, columns) - characteristics or properties of an entity class
Keys and Relationships
Primary keys and foreign keys identify the various entity classes (tables) in the database
- Primary key - a field (or a group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
- Foreign key - a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables
Relational database Advantages
Database advantages from a business perspective include
- Increase flexibility
- Increase scalability and performance
- Reduced information redundancy
- Increased information integrity (quality)
-Increased information security
Increased Flexibility
- A well-designed database should:
- Handle changes quickly and easily
- Provide users with different views
- Have only one physical view
- - physical view - deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device
- Have multiple logical views
- -logical view - focuses on how users logical access information
A database must scale to meet increased demand, while maintaining acceptable performance levels
- Scalability - refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands
- Performance - measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction
- Redundancy - the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places
Increase Information Integrity (quality)
-Information integrity - measures the quality of information
-Integrity constraint - rules that help ensure the qualiy of information
- Relational integrity constraint
- Business-critical integrity constraint
INCREASED INFORMATION SECURITY
- Information is an organization asset and must be protected
- Databases offer several security features including;
Ø Password – provides authentication of the user
Ø Access level – determines who has access to the different types of information
Ø Access control – determines types of user access, such as read-only access
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
- Database management systems (DBMS) – software through which users and application programs interact with a database
DATA-DRIVEN WEB SITES
- Data-driven Web sites – an interactive Web site kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of database
DATA-DRIVEN WEB SITE BUSINESS ADVANTAGES
- Development
- Content Management
- Future Expandability
- Minimizing Human Error
- Cutting Production and Update Costs
- More Efficient
- Improved Stability
DATA-DRIVEN BUSINESS INTELLIGENT
- BI in a data-driven Web site
INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES
- Integration – allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other
Ø Forward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
Ø Backward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes
-Thank You-
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